This report presents a summary of the herzberg two factor theory of job satisfaction. Theories of job satisfaction explained with example. Herzbergs motivationhygiene theory and job satisfaction. Case study of factors influencing jobs satisfaction in two.
The study was conducted by means of a systematic research of a representative sample of the literature available on the theory. While luthen 1998 suggested important parameters related to job satisfaction. A comparative study on employees job satisfaction level. Assessing job satisfaction using herzbergs two factor theory. A qualitative study between us and japanese insurance employees shawn andersson, osaka university, japan abstract the topic of job satisfaction is important for businesses to decrease employee turnover and increase overall productivity. Munich personal repec archive herzbergs motivationhygiene theory and job satisfaction in the malaysian retail sector. Several theories have been proposed to view this attitude of job satisfaction in the organizational work environment.
The influence of intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction. The theory states that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are. I, hamed alsemeri, declare that the dba thesis entitled the factors affecting job satisfaction. These factors are the hygiene factors and motivators. Job satisfaction theories help to identify what factors are influencing job satisfaction and what can be done to get higher employee job satisfaction. In 1992, it was estimated that over 5,000 articles and dissertations have examined the topic of. The relationship between herzbergs twofactor theory and. A theoretical framework article pdf available april 2016. The hygiene factors when present are characterized by. Herzbergs two factor theory 1 herzbergs two factor theory of job satisfaction. The two factor theory of job satisfaction was the result of a five year research program on job attitudes initiated by a grant from the buhl foundation. Motivationhygiene theory is also known as herzbergs twofactor theory or herzbergs dualfactor theory 1959.
The job loss and job seekers behavior munich personal repec. Job satisfaction can be defined as psychological state of how an individual feels towards work, in. Further, the theory states that how much one values a given facet of work e. The key contributors of an organizations success are the employees and employee performance. Understanding the concept of job satisfaction, measurements, theories and its significance in the recent organizational environment.
The implication of mcgreger theory in the context of job satisfaction is that when there are opportunities in the job to satisfy the needs of workers at. Accordingly, herzbergs two factor theory posits that a good leader would give motivation to the members of staff in the organisation so that they would do their job well yusoff et al. The main concept of this theory is the difference between motivation factors and hygiene factors. The main purpose of this research paper is to identify the factors. He conducted his research by asking a group of people about their good and bad experiences at work. Pdf herzbergs twofactor theory 1 herzbergs twofactor. Factor theory of job satisfaction both components, intrinsic and extrinsic, are essential for dentists but the presence of intrinsic motivating factors like the opportunity to use abilities has most positive impact on job satisfaction. A study was conducted in nine organizations to investigate the relationship between the use of herzbergs two factor theory of job satisfaction and the successful implementation of quality improvement management that is, total quality management, reengineering, quality improvement, etc. First studies considered that high and low job satisfaction was determined by age, sex, education, occupation and income lawler and porter, 1967. In terms of process theory of motivation, following the earlier definitions, process theories explained individual motivation arise when their cognitive process of expectations, needs and values are. They are a hungry animal that must always be fed, or else they will lead to job dissatisfaction. Herzbergs twofactor theory suggests that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction are caused by different and independent sets of factors.
Job satisfaction can be measured in cognitive evaluative, affective or emotional, and behavioral components. Towards understanding controversy on herzberg theory of. The study concerns the application of herzbergs two factor theory to determine the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction factors and affective commitment on the intention to quit among drivers in the solid waste management industry. Herzbergs two factor theory of jobsatisfaction is not new, as a ratter of fact, it dates back to 1959 a is the outgrowth of a research study project on job attitudes conducted by herzberg, mausner and snyderman. He stated that there are certain satisfies and dissatisfies for.
Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Nurses with a fixed contract, the most insecure of all, are the ones with greater motivation and satisfaction, contrary to what is expected according to content motivational theories. The relationship between job autonomy, job satisfaction and the. But, in themselves, they do not ensure job satisfaction and motivation. In 1959, frederick herzberg, a behavioural scientist proposed a two factor theory or the motivatorhygiene theory. Two factor theory, theory of worker motivation, formulated by frederick herzberg, which holds that employee job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction are influenced by separate factors. These two factors that have an effect on job satisfaction are divided into two sets of categories. The value of job satisfaction has a positive significant impact on the value of motivation, and the factors of motivation contribute to the prediction of job satisfaction chess, 1994. Job satisfaction among swedish mental health nursing. Researchers have also noted that job satisfaction measures vary. Theory, aldefer erg, herzbergs t wo factor theory, and mcclellands need theory. In 1959, herzberg, mausner and snyderman dropped a bombshell on the traditional view of job satisfaction by introducing motivatorhygiene theory and challenged to the established model of job satisfaction.
For example, bad working conditions are likely to be a source of. Critics of herzbergs theory argue that the two factor result is observed because it is natural for people to take credit for satisfaction and to blame dissatisfaction on external factors. According to herzberg, there are some job factors that result in satisfaction while there are other job. This theory, also called the motivationhygiene theory or the dual factor theory, was penned by frederick herzberg in 1959. Relationship with coworkers and job satisfaction university of tilburg. Employee relation shows 19% as major factor for employee job satisfaction. Introduction job satisfaction describes how content an individual is with his or her job. Furthermore, job satisfaction does not necessarily imply a high level of motivation or productivity. Frederick herzbergs twofactor theory also known as motivator hygiene.
As a result it is generally considered that this theory has failed griffin and. Job satisfaction is frequently studied with the assistance of herzbergs two. A comparative study on employees job satisfaction level using herzberg two factor and maslow. This paper critically examines frederick herzbergs two factors theory of job satisfaction and its application to business research.
Job satisfaction is the outcome that up to what amount an employees work is considered as important and meaningful. Herzbergs twofactor theory isolates motivation and job satisfaction into two clusters of factors. Scholars have understood that job satisfaction is indeed attained through adequate motivation but only by taking into consideration a multitude of variables. The two factor theory of motivation explains the factors that employees find satisfactory and nonsatisfactory in their place of employment. Theories of job satisfaction job satisfaction motivation. The theoretical approach that has been in this study to examine job satisfaction is hertzbergs twofactor theory of motivation, maslows hierarchy. The two factor theory also known as herzbergs motivationhygiene theory and dual factor theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction, all of which act independently of each other. The purpose of the present study was to provide a better understanding of herzbergs theory in relation to job satisfaction among swedish mental health nursing. The following job satisfaction theories that are easily traceable to employee performance in the organization are hereby listed and examined. Mitchell and lassen, 1987, there is a general consensus that job satisfaction is more deliberately researched topic.
Job satisfaction or employee satisfaction is a measure of workers contentedness with their job, whether or not they like the job or individual aspects or facets of jobs, such as nature of work or supervision. Understanding its impact on employee commitment and organisational performance article pdf available in academic leadership 84 january 2010 with 18,067 reads. According to the abraham maslows theory of job satisfaction employees needs have a. Assessing job satisfaction using herzbergs twofactor. Job satisfaction is quite highly correlated with overall happiness, and can be looked at as.
In todays high paced and competitive environment, the performance of an organization is crucial for its survival. Everything you need to know about the theories of job satisfaction. The purpose of the study is to develop the herzberg theory and its possible application to an organization as a means of increasing worker productivity. The impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the job. Frederick herzbergs twofactor theory also known as motivatorhygiene. The main areas that have been taken into account are, theories.
This american psychologist, who was very interested in peoples motivation and job satisfaction, came up with the theory. In todays business environment as it is true with high job losses due to layoff and retrenchment. The diagonal model of job satisfaction and motivation. In particular, herzbergs two factor theory is essentially a theory of job satisfaction and herzberg has applied the content theory of. The main premise of this theory is that satisfaction is determined by a discrepancy between what one wants in a job and what one has in a job. Introduction the relationship between the individual and the factors determining job satisfaction has been extensively researched in developed countries.
Job satisfaction or employee motivation is studied not just to handle the turnover but also there are other adverse effects of dissatisfaction like absenteeism, low performance, lower morale, low. Human behavior is made of belief cognition and action physical therefore most of the theories either emphasize cognitive or prioritize actionbehavior levels to be important in the employee s attitudes of motivation satisfaction. Higher education, herzberg two factor theory, job satisfaction, job dissatisfaction 1. Models of job satisfaction affect theory organizational. Common causes in this study include personality trait conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and core self. The twofactor theory states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction, all of. Lockes range of affect theory 1976 is arguably the most famous job satisfaction model.
Component structure of job satisfaction based on herzbergs theory. Remuneration i s the factor in which nurses show the least satisfaction. What is the herzberg two factor theory of motivation. Theories of job satisfaction free download as powerpoint presentation. The theory was highly controversial at the time it was published, claims to be the most replicated study in this area, and provided the foundation for numerous other theories and frameworks in human resource development herzberg, 1987. But its expression in the human mind is understandable. Robert hoppock 1935, who presented the earliest definition on job satisfaction, describes the concept as being any number of psychological, physiological, and environmental circumstances which leads a person to express satisfaction with their job. Job satisfaction or employee satisfaction is a measure of workers contentedness with their job. When an employee is satisfied with his assigned task and can.
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